MEDIAVAL INSTITUTIONS IN SPAIN

GENTLEMAN VILLAIN :The villains were a Hispanic medieval knights troops, Castilla feature that arises from the granting of privileges. The Jurisdiction of Castrojeriz the year 974 was the first one.
In return for the privileges settled in the charters, the councils have a duty to auxilium or military assistance to the person who had been granted (mainly the Count of Castile and the King of León). This military assistance in the form of concejiles militia was organized into two forces: the pawns (walk) and the villains knights. The inhabitants of the council who could afford a horse in their ranks. Because of its tactical importance (cavalry charge with spear) and its position in the land repopulated the Extremaduras, the villains knights won privileges and became legally equivalent to infanzones, the lower nobility (though not noble privileges, of course) .

MARRIAGE IN THE EARLY MIDDLE AGES IN SPAIN :Marriage in the Early Middle Ages in Spain is an institution inspired by the Germanic law. Developed to the twelfth century, when the introduction of the Roman rite in the peninsular Christian society began to displace the marriage of Gothic origin with a less civil conception based on its sacramental character, which is the characteristic of the late Middle Ages.


MERINO: The merino was an existing administrative position in the crowns of Castile and Aragon and the kingdom of Navarre during the Middle and Modern ages. The merino was the figure responsible for resolving conflicts in their territories, in roles that are currently assigned to the judges. Furthermore administered real estate and had a military function. He was in charge of crops, land leases and caloñas (fines imposed for certain crimes or misdemeanors).
The merinos could be directly appointed by the King (high merino, with broad jurisdiction in its territory), or other Merino (Merino lower, with jurisdiction limited to smaller territories).
The appointment of older merinos was very common among the different Spanish kings from the XIV century. This charge also known major advance, being used more commonly the most merino for northern territories, while in the south (Andalusia and Murcia) was used on the front.


PICKS: The picks are columns of more or less ornate stone on which the prisoners and the heads or bodies of the executed by civil authority was exposed.

The penalty appears exhibit pilloried and legislated in the thirteenth century, in the book of Las Partidas of Alfonso X, considered the last of the minor offenders in their shame and punishment punishment.

Most pillories were built during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, due to the exemptions granted to places that made financial contributions to the Crown to meet the heavy expenses of the war.

Although often referred to pillory all columns of this type, some of which are more upscale and are called rolls, which only rose in villas and indicated the regime that was subject: royal manor, concejil, ecclesiastical or monastic.

ROLL: A roll is a stone column, usually topped by a cross or a ball. It represented the administrative category of the place, rising only in the villazgos they had full jurisdiction, indicating the regime to which he was subjected: royal manor, concejil, ecclesiastical or monastic. Besides marking the territorial limit and, in some cases, was a memorial to the granting of villazgo. They shared with pillories functions executions. These executions were suspended by decree of the Cortes of Cadiz in 1812.
They are in those peoples of the kingdoms of Castile and Leon who had mayor and, therefore, jurisdiction to judge and condemn to death. Also served to punish and pay the penalties under common criminals, who after being whipped, were exposed to public shame.
The rolls are similar to cruises, but its meaning is different.
During the conquest of America, the first act of founding a city consisted of lifting and planting roll as a symbol of royal jurisdiction and as a sign of coercive threat.
Cáceres is a province of Spain which have been preserved over jurisdictional rolls through the disobedience of their peoples to the order given by the Cortes of Cadiz, urging them down when the feudal courts were abolished.